What is an Algorithm?

Introduction

An algorithm is a sequence of well-defined instructions that are followed to perform a specific task or calculation. In mathematics and computer science, algorithms are used as a blueprint for solving problems and processing data. They are considered effective methods for accomplishing complex tasks as they can be expressed within limited space and time and in formal language.

Definition of the Algorithm

An algorithm is a finite number of unambiguously determined steps that always give the same and correct output (result) for the same input data The algorithm starts from an initial state, with an initial input and proceeds through a series of well-defined successive states until it terminates at a final ending state.

Automated Decision-Making

Advanced algorithms can incorporate conditionals that allow the code execution to be redirected through various routes. This is referred to as automated decision-making. These algorithms can also deduce valid inferences and perform automated reasoning, which leads to the automation of complex tasks.

The Difference Between Algorithm and Heuristics

It is essential to differentiate algorithms from heuristics. A heuristic is an approach to problem-solving that may not be fully specified or may not guarantee correct or optimal results, especially in problem domains where there is no well-defined correct or optimal result. In contrast, algorithms are well-defined sequences of instructions that always guarantee correct results.